Dependency is more likely than addiction to cannabis
Cannabis is a popular recreational drug and medicine that has been used for centuries. As more states and countries legalize cannabis for medical and recreational use, there has been an increase in public discussion about the potential risks and benefits of its use. One concern that often arises is the risk of addiction to cannabis. However, research suggests that while cannabis dependence is a real possibility, the risk of addiction is relatively low.
Understanding the difference between dependence and addiction
Before diving into the topic of cannabis dependence and addiction, it's important to understand the difference between the two. Dependence refers to the body's physiological adaptation to a substance, meaning that the body has become accustomed to the presence of the substance and experiences withdrawal symptoms when it is no longer present. Addiction, on the other hand, involves the compulsive use of a substance despite negative consequences.
While dependence and addiction can often go hand in hand, they are not the same thing. It's possible to be dependent on a substance without being addicted to it, and vice versa.
The risk of cannabis dependence
Research shows that cannabis dependence is a real possibility, especially for those who use the drug regularly. According to a study published in the journal Addiction, about 9% of cannabis users will develop dependence. For those who begin using cannabis before the age of 18, the risk of dependence increases to about 17%.
Symptoms of cannabis dependence can include:
- Cravings for cannabis
- Difficulty controlling cannabis use
- Continued use of cannabis despite negative consequences (such as problems at work, school, or in relationships)
- Tolerance to the effects of cannabis (meaning that higher doses are needed to achieve the same effects)
- Withdrawal symptoms when cannabis use is discontinued (such as irritability, insomnia, and loss of appetite)
While cannabis dependence can be uncomfortable and disruptive, it is not as severe as addiction. Most people who develop cannabis dependence are able to quit using the drug with little difficulty once they decide to do so.
The risk of cannabis addiction
While the risk of cannabis dependence is real, the risk of addiction is relatively low. According to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, about 9% of people who use cannabis will become addicted. For comparison, the addiction rate for alcohol is about 15%, and for nicotine (in cigarettes) it is about 32%.
Symptoms of cannabis addiction can include:
- Compulsive use of cannabis despite negative consequences
- Inability to cut back or quit cannabis use
- Spending a significant amount of time obtaining, using, or recovering from cannabis use
- Giving up activities that were once enjoyable in order to use cannabis
- Continued use of cannabis despite the onset of physical or mental health problems
It's also worth noting that while the risk of cannabis addiction is relatively low, it is higher for certain populations. For example, those who begin using cannabis at a young age, use it frequently and heavily, or have a personal or family history of addiction may be at a higher risk.
The Importance of responsible cannabis use
While cannabis dependence and addiction are real possibilities, the risk of addiction is relatively low. However, it's still important to practice responsible cannabis use. This includes:
- Using cannabis in moderation
- Avoiding frequent or heavy use
- Waiting until adulthood to begin using cannabis (as the risk of dependence and addiction is higher for those who begin using at a young age)
- Using cannabis in a safe and legal environment
- Avoiding driving or operating heavy machinery while under the influence of cannabis
- Seeking help if you experience symptoms of dependence or addiction
Conclusion
Cannabis use can be enjoyable and therapeutic for many people, but it's important to understand the risks involved. While the risk of cannabis dependence is real, the risk of addiction is far less likely.
